mathlib documentation

data.list.defs

Definitions on lists #

This file contains various definitions on lists. It does not contain proofs about these definitions, those are contained in other files in data/list

@[protected, instance]
def list.has_sdiff {α : Type u_1} [decidable_eq α] :
Equations
def list.split_at {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist α × list α

Split a list at an index.

split_at 2 [a, b, c] = ([a, b], [c])
Equations
def list.split_on_p_aux {α : Type u} (P : α → Prop) [decidable_pred P] :
list α(list αlist α)list (list α)

An auxiliary function for split_on_p.

Equations
def list.split_on_p {α : Type u} (P : α → Prop) [decidable_pred P] (l : list α) :
list (list α)

Split a list at every element satisfying a predicate.

Equations
def list.split_on {α : Type u} [decidable_eq α] (a : α) (as : list α) :
list (list α)

Split a list at every occurrence of an element.

[1,1,2,3,2,4,4].split_on 2 = [[1,1],[3],[4,4]]

Equations
@[simp]
def list.concat {α : Type u_1} :
list αα → list α

Concatenate an element at the end of a list.

concat [a, b] c = [a, b, c]
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@[simp]
def list.head' {α : Type u_1} :
list αoption α

head' xs returns the first element of xs if xs is non-empty; it returns none otherwise

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def list.to_array {α : Type u_1} (l : list α) :

Convert a list into an array (whose length is the length of l).

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@[simp]
def list.inth {α : Type u_1} [h : inhabited α] (l : list α) (n : ) :
α

"inhabited" nth function: returns default instead of none in the case that the index is out of bounds.

Equations
@[simp]
def list.modify_nth_tail {α : Type u_1} (f : list αlist α) :
list αlist α

Apply a function to the nth tail of l. Returns the input without using f if the index is larger than the length of the list.

modify_nth_tail f 2 [a, b, c] = [a, b] ++ f [c]
Equations
@[simp]
def list.modify_head {α : Type u_1} (f : α → α) :
list αlist α

Apply f to the head of the list, if it exists.

Equations
def list.modify_nth {α : Type u_1} (f : α → α) :
list αlist α

Apply f to the nth element of the list, if it exists.

Equations
@[simp]
def list.modify_last {α : Type u_1} (f : α → α) :
list αlist α

Apply f to the last element of l, if it exists.

Equations
def list.insert_nth {α : Type u_1} (n : ) (a : α) :
list αlist α

insert_nth n a l inserts a into the list l after the first n elements of l insert_nth 2 1 [1, 2, 3, 4] = [1, 2, 1, 3, 4]

Equations
def list.take' {α : Type u_1} [inhabited α] (n : ) :
list αlist α

Take n elements from a list l. If l has less than n elements, append n - length l elements default.

Equations
def list.take_while {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] :
list αlist α

Get the longest initial segment of the list whose members all satisfy p.

take_while (λ x, x < 3) [0, 2, 5, 1] = [0, 2]
Equations
def list.scanl {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β → α) :
α → list βlist α

Fold a function f over the list from the left, returning the list of partial results.

scanl (+) 0 [1, 2, 3] = [0, 1, 3, 6]
Equations
def list.scanr_aux {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β → β) (b : β) :
list αβ × list β

Auxiliary definition used to define scanr. If scanr_aux f b l = (b', l') then scanr f b l = b' :: l'

Equations
def list.scanr {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β → β) (b : β) (l : list α) :
list β

Fold a function f over the list from the right, returning the list of partial results.

scanr (+) 0 [1, 2, 3] = [6, 5, 3, 0]
Equations
def list.prod {α : Type u_1} [has_mul α] [has_one α] :
list α → α

Product of a list.

prod [a, b, c] = ((1 * a) * b) * c
Equations
def list.sum {α : Type u_1} [has_add α] [has_zero α] :
list α → α

Sum of a list.

sum [a, b, c] = ((0 + a) + b) + c
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def list.alternating_sum {G : Type u_1} [has_zero G] [has_add G] [has_neg G] :
list G → G

The alternating sum of a list.

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def list.alternating_prod {G : Type u_1} [has_one G] [has_mul G] [has_inv G] :
list G → G

The alternating product of a list.

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def list.partition_map {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} (f : α → β γ) :
list αlist β × list γ

Given a function f : α → β ⊕ γ, partition_map f l maps the list by f whilst partitioning the result it into a pair of lists, list β × list γ, partitioning the sum.inl _ into the left list, and the sum.inr _ into the right list. partition_map (id : ℕ ⊕ ℕ → ℕ ⊕ ℕ) [inl 0, inr 1, inl 2] = ([0,2], [1])

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def list.find {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] :
list αoption α

find p l is the first element of l satisfying p, or none if no such element exists.

Equations
def list.mfind {α : Type u} {m : Type uType v} [monad m] [alternative m] (tac : α → m punit) :
list αm α

mfind tac l returns the first element of l on which tac succeeds, and fails otherwise.

Equations
def list.mbfind' {m : Type uType v} [monad m] {α : Type u} (p : α → m (ulift bool)) :
list αm (option α)

mbfind' p l returns the first element a of l for which p a returns true. mbfind' short-circuits, so p is not necessarily run on every a in l. This is a monadic version of list.find.

Equations
def list.mbfind {m : Type → Type v} [monad m] {α : Type} (p : α → m bool) (xs : list α) :
m (option α)

A variant of mbfind' with more restrictive universe levels.

Equations
def list.many {m : Type → Type v} [monad m] {α : Type u} (p : α → m bool) :
list αm bool

many p as returns true iff p returns true for any element of l. many short-circuits, so if p returns true for any element of l, later elements are not checked. This is a monadic version of list.any.

Equations
def list.mall {m : Type → Type v} [monad m] {α : Type u} (p : α → m bool) (as : list α) :

mall p as returns true iff p returns true for all elements of l. mall short-circuits, so if p returns false for any element of l, later elements are not checked. This is a monadic version of list.all.

Equations
def list.mbor {m : Type → Type v} [monad m] :
list (m bool)m bool

mbor xs runs the actions in xs, returning true if any of them returns true. mbor short-circuits, so if an action returns true, later actions are not run. This is a monadic version of list.bor.

Equations
def list.mband {m : Type → Type v} [monad m] :
list (m bool)m bool

mband xs runs the actions in xs, returning true if all of them return true. mband short-circuits, so if an action returns false, later actions are not run. This is a monadic version of list.band.

Equations
def list.foldl_with_index_aux {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β → α) :
α → list β → α

Auxiliary definition for foldl_with_index.

Equations
def list.foldl_with_index {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β → α) (a : α) (l : list β) :
α

Fold a list from left to right as with foldl, but the combining function also receives each element's index.

Equations
def list.foldr_with_index_aux {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β → β) :
β → list α → β

Auxiliary definition for foldr_with_index.

Equations
def list.foldr_with_index {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β → β) (b : β) (l : list α) :
β

Fold a list from right to left as with foldr, but the combining function also receives each element's index.

Equations
def list.find_indexes {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] (l : list α) :

find_indexes p l is the list of indexes of elements of l that satisfy p.

Equations
def list.indexes_values {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] (l : list α) :
list ( × α)

Returns the elements of l that satisfy p together with their indexes in l. The returned list is ordered by index.

Equations
def list.indexes_of {α : Type u_1} [decidable_eq α] (a : α) :
list αlist

indexes_of a l is the list of all indexes of a in l. For example:

indexes_of a [a, b, a, a] = [0, 2, 3]
Equations
def list.mfoldl_with_index {m : Type vType w} [monad m] {α : Type u_1} {β : Type v} (f : β → α → m β) (b : β) (as : list α) :
m β

Monadic variant of foldl_with_index.

Equations
def list.mfoldr_with_index {m : Type vType w} [monad m] {α : Type u_1} {β : Type v} (f : α → β → m β) (b : β) (as : list α) :
m β

Monadic variant of foldr_with_index.

Equations
def list.mmap_with_index_aux {m : Type vType w} [applicative m] {α : Type u_1} {β : Type v} (f : α → m β) :
list αm (list β)

Auxiliary definition for mmap_with_index.

Equations
def list.mmap_with_index {m : Type vType w} [applicative m] {α : Type u_1} {β : Type v} (f : α → m β) (as : list α) :
m (list β)

Applicative variant of map_with_index.

Equations
def list.mmap_with_index'_aux {m : Type vType w} [applicative m] {α : Type u_1} (f : α → m punit) :
list αm punit

Auxiliary definition for mmap_with_index'.

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def list.mmap_with_index' {m : Type vType w} [applicative m] {α : Type u_1} (f : α → m punit) (as : list α) :

A variant of mmap_with_index specialised to applicative actions which return unit.

Equations
def list.lookmap {α : Type u_1} (f : α → option α) :
list αlist α

lookmap is a combination of lookup and filter_map. lookmap f l will apply f : α → option α to each element of the list, replacing a → b at the first value a in the list such that f a = some b.

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def list.countp {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] :
list α

countp p l is the number of elements of l that satisfy p.

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def list.count {α : Type u_1} [decidable_eq α] (a : α) :
list α

count a l is the number of occurrences of a in l.

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def list.is_prefix {α : Type u_1} (l₁ l₂ : list α) :
Prop

is_prefix l₁ l₂, or l₁ <+: l₂, means that l₁ is a prefix of l₂, that is, l₂ has the form l₁ ++ t for some t.

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def list.is_suffix {α : Type u_1} (l₁ l₂ : list α) :
Prop

is_suffix l₁ l₂, or l₁ <:+ l₂, means that l₁ is a suffix of l₂, that is, l₂ has the form t ++ l₁ for some t.

Equations
def list.is_infix {α : Type u_1} (l₁ l₂ : list α) :
Prop

is_infix l₁ l₂, or l₁ <:+: l₂, means that l₁ is a contiguous substring of l₂, that is, l₂ has the form s ++ l₁ ++ t for some s, t.

Equations
@[simp]
def list.inits {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist (list α)

inits l is the list of initial segments of l.

inits [1, 2, 3] = [[], [1], [1, 2], [1, 2, 3]]
Equations
@[simp]
def list.tails {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist (list α)

tails l is the list of terminal segments of l.

tails [1, 2, 3] = [[1, 2, 3], [2, 3], [3], []]
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def list.sublists'_aux {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} :
list α(list αlist β)list (list β)list (list β)
Equations
def list.sublists' {α : Type u_1} (l : list α) :
list (list α)

sublists' l is the list of all (non-contiguous) sublists of l. It differs from sublists only in the order of appearance of the sublists; sublists' uses the first element of the list as the MSB, sublists uses the first element of the list as the LSB.

sublists' [1, 2, 3] = [[], [3], [2], [2, 3], [1], [1, 3], [1, 2], [1, 2, 3]]
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def list.sublists_aux {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} :
list α(list αlist βlist β)list β
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def list.sublists {α : Type u_1} (l : list α) :
list (list α)

sublists l is the list of all (non-contiguous) sublists of l; cf. sublists' for a different ordering.

sublists [1, 2, 3] = [[], [1], [2], [1, 2], [3], [1, 3], [2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]
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def list.sublists_aux₁ {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} :
list α(list αlist β)list β
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inductive list.forall₂ {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (R : α → β → Prop) :
list αlist β → Prop

forall₂ R l₁ l₂ means that l₁ and l₂ have the same length, and whenever a is the nth element of l₁, and b is the nth element of l₂, then R a b is satisfied.

@[simp]
def list.all₂ {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) :
list α → Prop

l.all₂ p is equivalent to ∀ a ∈ l, p a, but unfolds directly to a conjunction, i.e. list.all₂ p [0, 1, 2] = p 0 ∧ p 1 ∧ p 2.

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def list.transpose_aux {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist (list α)list (list α)

Auxiliary definition used to define transpose. transpose_aux l L takes each element of l and appends it to the start of each element of L.

transpose_aux [a, b, c] [l₁, l₂, l₃] = [a::l₁, b::l₂, c::l₃]

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def list.transpose {α : Type u_1} :
list (list α)list (list α)

transpose of a list of lists, treated as a matrix.

transpose [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]] = [[1, 3, 5], [2, 4, 6]]
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def list.sections {α : Type u_1} :
list (list α)list (list α)

List of all sections through a list of lists. A section of [L₁, L₂, ..., Lₙ] is a list whose first element comes from L₁, whose second element comes from L₂, and so on.

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def list.permutations_aux2 {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (t : α) (ts : list α) (r : list β) :
list α(list α → β)list α × list β

An auxiliary function for defining permutations. permutations_aux2 t ts r ys f is equal to (ys ++ ts, (insert_left ys t ts).map f ++ r), where insert_left ys t ts (not explicitly defined) is the list of lists of the form insert_nth n t (ys ++ ts) for 0 ≤ n < length ys.

permutations_aux2 10 [4, 5, 6] [] [1, 2, 3] id =
  ([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
   [[10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
    [1, 10, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
    [1, 2, 10, 3, 4, 5, 6]])
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def list.permutations_aux.rec {α : Type u_1} {C : list αlist αSort v} (H0 : Π (is : list α), C list.nil is) (H1 : Π (t : α) (ts is : list α), C ts (t :: is)C is list.nilC (t :: ts) is) (l₁ l₂ : list α) :
C l₁ l₂

A recursor for pairs of lists. To have C l₁ l₂ for all l₁, l₂, it suffices to have it for l₂ = [] and to be able to pour the elements of l₁ into l₂.

Equations
def list.permutations_aux {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist αlist (list α)

An auxiliary function for defining permutations. permutations_aux ts is is the set of all permutations of is ++ ts that do not fix ts.

Equations
def list.permutations {α : Type u_1} (l : list α) :
list (list α)

List of all permutations of l.

permutations [1, 2, 3] =
  [[1, 2, 3], [2, 1, 3], [3, 2, 1],
   [2, 3, 1], [3, 1, 2], [1, 3, 2]]
Equations
@[simp]
def list.permutations'_aux {α : Type u_1} (t : α) :
list αlist (list α)

permutations'_aux t ts inserts t into every position in ts, including the last. This function is intended for use in specifications, so it is simpler than permutations_aux2, which plays roughly the same role in permutations.

Note that (permutations_aux2 t [] [] ts id).2 is similar to this function, but skips the last position:

permutations'_aux 10 [1, 2, 3] =
  [[10, 1, 2, 3], [1, 10, 2, 3], [1, 2, 10, 3], [1, 2, 3, 10]]
(permutations_aux2 10 [] [] [1, 2, 3] id).2 =
  [[10, 1, 2, 3], [1, 10, 2, 3], [1, 2, 10, 3]]
Equations
@[simp]
def list.permutations' {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist (list α)

List of all permutations of l. This version of permutations is less efficient but has simpler definitional equations. The permutations are in a different order, but are equal up to permutation, as shown by list.permutations_perm_permutations'.

 permutations [1, 2, 3] =
   [[1, 2, 3], [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1],
    [1, 3, 2], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]]
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def list.erasep {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] :
list αlist α

erasep p l removes the first element of l satisfying the predicate p.

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def list.extractp {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] :
list αoption α × list α

extractp p l returns a pair of an element a of l satisfying the predicate p, and l, with a removed. If there is no such element a it returns (none, l).

Equations
def list.revzip {α : Type u_1} (l : list α) :
list × α)

revzip l returns a list of pairs of the elements of l paired with the elements of l in reverse order.

revzip [1,2,3,4,5] = [(1, 5), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 2), (5, 1)]

Equations
def list.product {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (l₁ : list α) (l₂ : list β) :
list × β)

product l₁ l₂ is the list of pairs (a, b) where a ∈ l₁ and b ∈ l₂.

product [1, 2] [5, 6] = [(1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 5), (2, 6)]
Equations
@[protected]
def list.sigma {α : Type u_1} {σ : α → Type u_2} (l₁ : list α) (l₂ : Π (a : α), list (σ a)) :
list (Σ (a : α), σ a)

sigma l₁ l₂ is the list of dependent pairs (a, b) where a ∈ l₁ and b ∈ l₂ a.

sigma [1, 2] (λ_, [(5 : ), 6]) = [(1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 5), (2, 6)]
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def list.of_fn_aux {α : Type u_1} {n : } (f : fin n → α) (m : ) :
m nlist αlist α

Auxliary definition used to define of_fn.

of_fn_aux f m h l returns the first m elements of of_fn f appended to l

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def list.of_fn {α : Type u_1} {n : } (f : fin n → α) :
list α

of_fn f with f : fin n → α returns the list whose ith element is f i of_fun f = [f 0, f 1, ... , f(n - 1)]

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def list.of_fn_nth_val {α : Type u_1} {n : } (f : fin n → α) (i : ) :

of_fn_nth_val f i returns some (f i) if i < n and none otherwise.

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def list.disjoint {α : Type u_1} (l₁ l₂ : list α) :
Prop

disjoint l₁ l₂ means that l₁ and l₂ have no elements in common.

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inductive list.pairwise {α : Type u_1} (R : α → α → Prop) :
list α → Prop

pairwise R l means that all the elements with earlier indexes are R-related to all the elements with later indexes.

pairwise R [1, 2, 3]  R 1 2  R 1 3  R 2 3

For example if R = (≠) then it asserts l has no duplicates, and if R = (<) then it asserts that l is (strictly) sorted.

@[simp]
theorem list.pairwise_cons {α : Type u_1} {R : α → α → Prop} {a : α} {l : list α} :
list.pairwise R (a :: l) (∀ (a' : α), a' lR a a') list.pairwise R l
@[protected, instance]
def list.decidable_pairwise {α : Type u_1} {R : α → α → Prop} [decidable_rel R] (l : list α) :
Equations
def list.pw_filter {α : Type u_1} (R : α → α → Prop) [decidable_rel R] :
list αlist α

pw_filter R l is a maximal sublist of l which is pairwise R. pw_filter (≠) is the erase duplicates function (cf. dedup), and pw_filter (<) finds a maximal increasing subsequence in l. For example,

pw_filter (<) [0, 1, 5, 2, 6, 3, 4] = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
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inductive list.chain {α : Type u_1} (R : α → α → Prop) :
α → list α → Prop

chain R a l means that R holds between adjacent elements of a::l.

chain R a [b, c, d]  R a b  R b c  R c d
def list.chain' {α : Type u_1} (R : α → α → Prop) :
list α → Prop

chain' R l means that R holds between adjacent elements of l.

chain' R [a, b, c, d]  R a b  R b c  R c d
Equations
@[simp]
theorem list.chain_cons {α : Type u_1} {R : α → α → Prop} {a b : α} {l : list α} :
list.chain R a (b :: l) R a b list.chain R b l
@[protected, instance]
def list.decidable_chain {α : Type u_1} {R : α → α → Prop} [decidable_rel R] (a : α) (l : list α) :
Equations
@[protected, instance]
def list.decidable_chain' {α : Type u_1} {R : α → α → Prop} [decidable_rel R] (l : list α) :
Equations
def list.nodup {α : Type u_1} :
list α → Prop

nodup l means that l has no duplicates, that is, any element appears at most once in the list. It is defined as pairwise (≠).

Equations
@[protected, instance]
def list.nodup_decidable {α : Type u_1} [decidable_eq α] (l : list α) :
Equations
def list.dedup {α : Type u_1} [decidable_eq α] :
list αlist α

dedup l removes duplicates from l (taking only the first occurrence). Defined as pw_filter (≠).

dedup [1, 0, 2, 2, 1] = [0, 2, 1]
Equations
def list.destutter' {α : Type u_1} (R : α → α → Prop) [decidable_rel R] :
α → list αlist α

Greedily create a sublist of a :: l such that, for every two adjacent elements a, b, R a b holds. Mostly used with ≠; for example, destutter' (≠) 1 [2, 2, 1, 1] = [1, 2, 1], destutter' (≠) 1, [2, 3, 3] = [1, 2, 3], destutter' (<) 1 [2, 5, 2, 3, 4, 9] = [1, 2, 5, 9].

Equations
def list.destutter {α : Type u_1} (R : α → α → Prop) [decidable_rel R] :
list αlist α

Greedily create a sublist of l such that, for every two adjacent elements a, b ∈ l, R a b holds. Mostly used with ≠; for example, destutter (≠) [1, 2, 2, 1, 1] = [1, 2, 1], destutter (≠) [1, 2, 3, 3] = [1, 2, 3], destutter (<) [1, 2, 5, 2, 3, 4, 9] = [1, 2, 5, 9].

Equations
@[simp]
def list.range'  :
list

range' s n is the list of numbers [s, s+1, ..., s+n-1]. It is intended mainly for proving properties of range and iota.

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def list.reduce_option {α : Type u_1} :
list (option α)list α

Drop nones from a list, and replace each remaining some a with a.

Equations
@[simp]
def list.ilast' {α : Type u_1} :
α → list α → α

ilast' x xs returns the last element of xs if xs is non-empty; it returns x otherwise

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@[simp]
def list.last' {α : Type u_1} :
list αoption α

last' xs returns the last element of xs if xs is non-empty; it returns none otherwise

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def list.rotate {α : Type u_1} (l : list α) (n : ) :
list α

rotate l n rotates the elements of l to the left by n

rotate [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 2 = [2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 1]
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def list.rotate' {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist α

rotate' is the same as rotate, but slower. Used for proofs about rotate

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def list.choose_x {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] (l : list α) (hp : ∃ (a : α), a l p a) :
{a // a l p a}

Given a decidable predicate p and a proof of existence of a ∈ l such that p a, choose the first element with this property. This version returns both a and proofs of a ∈ l and p a.

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def list.choose {α : Type u_1} (p : α → Prop) [decidable_pred p] (l : list α) (hp : ∃ (a : α), a l p a) :
α

Given a decidable predicate p and a proof of existence of a ∈ l such that p a, choose the first element with this property. This version returns a : α, and properties are given by choose_mem and choose_property.

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def list.mmap_filter {m : Type → Type v} [monad m] {α : Type u_1} {β : Type} (f : α → m (option β)) :
list αm (list β)

Filters and maps elements of a list

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def list.mmap_upper_triangle {m : Type uType u_1} [monad m] {α β : Type u} (f : α → α → m β) :
list αm (list β)

mmap_upper_triangle f l calls f on all elements in the upper triangular part of l × l. That is, for each e ∈ l, it will run f e e and then f e e' for each e' that appears after e in l.

Example: suppose l = [1, 2, 3]. mmap_upper_triangle f l will produce the list [f 1 1, f 1 2, f 1 3, f 2 2, f 2 3, f 3 3].

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def list.mmap'_diag {m : Type → Type u_1} [monad m] {α : Type u_2} (f : α → α → m unit) :
list αm unit

mmap'_diag f l calls f on all elements in the upper triangular part of l × l. That is, for each e ∈ l, it will run f e e and then f e e' for each e' that appears after e in l.

Example: suppose l = [1, 2, 3]. mmap'_diag f l will evaluate, in this order, f 1 1, f 1 2, f 1 3, f 2 2, f 2 3, f 3 3.

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@[protected]
def list.traverse {F : Type uType v} [applicative F] {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u} (f : α → F β) :
list αF (list β)
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def list.get_rest {α : Type u_1} [decidable_eq α] :
list αlist αoption (list α)

get_rest l l₁ returns some l₂ if l = l₁ ++ l₂. If l₁ is not a prefix of l, returns none

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def list.slice {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist α

list.slice n m xs removes a slice of length m at index n in list xs.

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@[simp]
def list.map₂_left' {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} (f : α → option β → γ) :
list αlist βlist γ × list β

Left-biased version of list.map₂. map₂_left' f as bs applies f to each pair of elements aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ∈ bs. If bs is shorter than as, f is applied to none for the remaining aᵢ. Returns the results of the f applications and the remaining bs.

map₂_left' prod.mk [1, 2] ['a'] = ([(1, some 'a'), (2, none)], [])

map₂_left' prod.mk [1] ['a', 'b'] = ([(1, some 'a')], ['b'])
```
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def list.map₂_right' {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} (f : option αβ → γ) (as : list α) (bs : list β) :
list γ × list α

Right-biased version of list.map₂. map₂_right' f as bs applies f to each pair of elements aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ∈ bs. If as is shorter than bs, f is applied to none for the remaining bᵢ. Returns the results of the f applications and the remaining as.

map₂_right' prod.mk [1] ['a', 'b'] = ([(some 1, 'a'), (none, 'b')], [])

map₂_right' prod.mk [1, 2] ['a'] = ([(some 1, 'a')], [2])
```
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def list.zip_left' {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} :
list αlist βlist × option β) × list β

Left-biased version of list.zip. zip_left' as bs returns the list of pairs (aᵢ, bᵢ) for aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ∈ bs. If bs is shorter than as, the remaining aᵢ are paired with none. Also returns the remaining bs.

zip_left' [1, 2] ['a'] = ([(1, some 'a'), (2, none)], [])

zip_left' [1] ['a', 'b'] = ([(1, some 'a')], ['b'])

zip_left' = map₂_left' prod.mk

```
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def list.zip_right' {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} :
list αlist βlist (option α × β) × list α

Right-biased version of list.zip. zip_right' as bs returns the list of pairs (aᵢ, bᵢ) for aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ∈ bs. If as is shorter than bs, the remaining bᵢ are paired with none. Also returns the remaining as.

zip_right' [1] ['a', 'b'] = ([(some 1, 'a'), (none, 'b')], [])

zip_right' [1, 2] ['a'] = ([(some 1, 'a')], [2])

zip_right' = map₂_right' prod.mk
```
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@[simp]
def list.map₂_left {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} (f : α → option β → γ) :
list αlist βlist γ

Left-biased version of list.map₂. map₂_left f as bs applies f to each pair aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ‌∈ bs. If bs is shorter than as, f is applied to none for the remaining aᵢ.

map₂_left prod.mk [1, 2] ['a'] = [(1, some 'a'), (2, none)]

map₂_left prod.mk [1] ['a', 'b'] = [(1, some 'a')]

map₂_left f as bs = (map₂_left' f as bs).fst
```
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def list.map₂_right {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} (f : option αβ → γ) (as : list α) (bs : list β) :
list γ

Right-biased version of list.map₂. map₂_right f as bs applies f to each pair aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ‌∈ bs. If as is shorter than bs, f is applied to none for the remaining bᵢ.

map₂_right prod.mk [1, 2] ['a'] = [(some 1, 'a')]

map₂_right prod.mk [1] ['a', 'b'] = [(some 1, 'a'), (none, 'b')]

map₂_right f as bs = (map₂_right' f as bs).fst
```
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def list.zip_left {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} :
list αlist βlist × option β)

Left-biased version of list.zip. zip_left as bs returns the list of pairs (aᵢ, bᵢ) for aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ∈ bs. If bs is shorter than as, the remaining aᵢ are paired with none.

zip_left [1, 2] ['a'] = [(1, some 'a'), (2, none)]

zip_left [1] ['a', 'b'] = [(1, some 'a')]

zip_left = map₂_left prod.mk
```
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def list.zip_right {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} :
list αlist βlist (option α × β)

Right-biased version of list.zip. zip_right as bs returns the list of pairs (aᵢ, bᵢ) for aᵢ ∈ as and bᵢ ∈ bs. If as is shorter than bs, the remaining bᵢ are paired with none.

zip_right [1, 2] ['a'] = [(some 1, 'a')]

zip_right [1] ['a', 'b'] = [(some 1, 'a'), (none, 'b')]

zip_right = map₂_right prod.mk
```
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def list.all_some {α : Type u_1} :
list (option α)option (list α)

If all elements of xs are some xᵢ, all_some xs returns the xᵢ. Otherwise it returns none.

all_some [some 1, some 2] = some [1, 2]
all_some [some 1, none  ] = none
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def list.fill_nones {α : Type u_1} :
list (option α)list αlist α

fill_nones xs ys replaces the nones in xs with elements of ys. If there are not enough ys to replace all the nones, the remaining nones are dropped from xs.

fill_nones [none, some 1, none, none] [2, 3] = [2, 1, 3]
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def list.take_list {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist list (list α) × list α

take_list as ns extracts successive sublists from as. For ns = n₁ ... nₘ, it first takes the n₁ initial elements from as, then the next n₂ ones, etc. It returns the sublists of as -- one for each nᵢ -- and the remaining elements of as. If as does not have at least as many elements as the sum of the nᵢ, the corresponding sublists will have less than nᵢ elements.

take_list ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'] [2, 1, 1] = ([['a', 'b'], ['c'], ['d']], ['e'])
take_list ['a', 'b'] [3, 1] = ([['a', 'b'], []], [])
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def list.to_rbmap {α : Type u_1} :

to_rbmap as is the map that associates each index i of as with the corresponding element of as.

to_rbmap ['a', 'b', 'c'] = rbmap_of [(0, 'a'), (1, 'b'), (2, 'c')]
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def list.to_chunks_aux {α : Type u_1} (n : ) :
list αlist α × list (list α)

Auxliary definition used to define to_chunks.

to_chunks_aux n xs i returns (xs.take i, (xs.drop i).to_chunks (n+1)), that is, the first i elements of xs, and the remaining elements chunked into sublists of length n+1.

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def list.to_chunks {α : Type u_1} :
list αlist (list α)

xs.to_chunks n splits the list into sublists of size at most n, such that (xs.to_chunks n).join = xs.

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8].to_chunks 10 = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8].to_chunks 3 = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8]]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8].to_chunks 2 = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8]]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8].to_chunks 0 = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]]
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meta def list.map_async_chunked {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β) (xs : list α) (chunk_size : := 1024) :
list β

Asynchronous version of list.map.

We add some n-ary versions of list.zip_with for functions with more than two arguments. These can also be written in terms of list.zip or list.zip_with. For example, zip_with3 f xs ys zs could also be written as zip_with id (zip_with f xs ys) zs or as (zip xs $ zip ys zs).map $ λ ⟨x, y, z⟩, f x y z.

def list.zip_with3 {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} {δ : Type u_4} (f : α → β → γ → δ) :
list αlist βlist γlist δ

Ternary version of list.zip_with.

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def list.zip_with4 {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} {δ : Type u_4} {ε : Type u_5} (f : α → β → γ → δ → ε) :
list αlist βlist γlist δlist ε

Quaternary version of list.zip_with.

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def list.zip_with5 {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {γ : Type u_3} {δ : Type u_4} {ε : Type u_5} {ζ : Type u_6} (f : α → β → γ → δ → ε → ζ) :
list αlist βlist γlist δlist εlist ζ

Quinary version of list.zip_with.

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def list.map_with_prefix_suffix_aux {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : list αα → list α → β) :
list αlist αlist β

An auxiliary function for list.map_with_prefix_suffix.

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def list.map_with_prefix_suffix {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : list αα → list α → β) (l : list α) :
list β

list.map_with_prefix_suffix f l maps f across a list l. For each a ∈ l with l = pref ++ [a] ++ suff, a is mapped to f pref a suff.

Example: if f : list ℕ → ℕ → list ℕ → β, list.map_with_prefix_suffix f [1, 2, 3] will produce the list [f [] 1 [2, 3], f [1] 2 [3], f [1, 2] 3 []].

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def list.map_with_complement {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → list α → β) :
list αlist β

list.map_with_complement f l is a variant of list.map_with_prefix_suffix that maps f across a list l. For each a ∈ l with l = pref ++ [a] ++ suff, a is mapped to f a (pref ++ suff), i.e., the list input to f is l with a removed.

Example: if f : ℕ → list ℕ → β, list.map_with_complement f [1, 2, 3] will produce the list [f 1 [2, 3], f 2 [1, 3], f 3 [1, 2]].

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