mathlib documentation

order.order_iso_nat

Relation embeddings from the naturals #

This file allows translation from monotone functions ℕ → α to order embeddings ℕ ↪ α and defines the limit value of an eventually-constant sequence.

Main declarations #

def rel_embedding.nat_lt {α : Type u_1} {r : α → α → Prop} [is_strict_order α r] (f : → α) (H : ∀ (n : ), r (f n) (f (n + 1))) :

If f is a strictly r-increasing sequence, then this returns f as an order embedding.

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@[simp]
theorem rel_embedding.nat_lt_apply {α : Type u_1} {r : α → α → Prop} [is_strict_order α r] {f : → α} {H : ∀ (n : ), r (f n) (f (n + 1))} {n : } :
def rel_embedding.nat_gt {α : Type u_1} {r : α → α → Prop} [is_strict_order α r] (f : → α) (H : ∀ (n : ), r (f (n + 1)) (f n)) :

If f is a strictly r-decreasing sequence, then this returns f as an order embedding.

Equations
theorem rel_embedding.well_founded_iff_no_descending_seq {α : Type u_1} {r : α → α → Prop} [is_strict_order α r] :
noncomputable def nat.subtype.order_iso_of_nat (s : set ) [decidable_pred (λ (_x : ), _x s)] [infinite s] :

nat.subtype.of_nat as an order isomorphism between and an infinite decidable subset. See also nat.nth for a version where the subset may be finite.

Equations
theorem nat.exists_subseq_of_forall_mem_union {α : Type u_1} {s t : set α} (e : → α) (he : ∀ (n : ), e n s t) :
∃ (g : ↪o ), (∀ (n : ), e (g n) s) ∀ (n : ), e (g n) t
theorem exists_increasing_or_nonincreasing_subseq' {α : Type u_1} (r : α → α → Prop) (f : → α) :
∃ (g : ↪o ), (∀ (n : ), r (f (g n)) (f (g (n + 1)))) ∀ (m n : ), m < n¬r (f (g m)) (f (g n))
theorem exists_increasing_or_nonincreasing_subseq {α : Type u_1} (r : α → α → Prop) [is_trans α r] (f : → α) :
∃ (g : ↪o ), (∀ (m n : ), m < nr (f (g m)) (f (g n))) ∀ (m n : ), m < n¬r (f (g m)) (f (g n))

This is the infinitary Erdős–Szekeres theorem, and an important lemma in the usual proof of Bolzano-Weierstrass for .

theorem well_founded.monotone_chain_condition (α : Type u_1) [partial_order α] :
well_founded gt ∀ (a : →o α), ∃ (n : ), ∀ (m : ), n ma n = a m

The "monotone chain condition" below is sometimes a convenient form of well foundedness.

noncomputable def monotonic_sequence_limit_index {α : Type u_1} [preorder α] (a : →o α) :

Given an eventually-constant monotone sequence a₀ ≤ a₁ ≤ a₂ ≤ ... in a partially-ordered type, monotonic_sequence_limit_index a is the least natural number n for which aₙ reaches the constant value. For sequences that are not eventually constant, monotonic_sequence_limit_index a is defined, but is a junk value.

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noncomputable def monotonic_sequence_limit {α : Type u_1} [preorder α] (a : →o α) :
α

The constant value of an eventually-constant monotone sequence a₀ ≤ a₁ ≤ a₂ ≤ ... in a partially-ordered type.

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